The Expansion Of The Roman Empire - 866 Words

From 1000 to 1300 western Europe went through political and economic reorganization. There was no revival of central imperial authority in western Europe, even though there was an establishment of the Holy Roman Empire. Agricultural improvements brought increased food supplies, which encouraged urbanization, manufacturing, and trade. In the high middle ages, Roman Catholic Christianity was the cultural foundation of European society. The church advanced educational institutions such as cathedral schools and universities. Between 1000 and 1300, western European peoples strengthened their own society. There was an establishment of regional states, an economic growth and social development, European Christianity during the Middle Ages, and medieval expansion in Europe. By the mid-tenth century, Otto of Saxony had established himself as king of northern Germany. He campaigned in lands east of the Elbe River known as now eastern Germany, western Poland, and the Czech Republic. In appreci ation of his aid in the church, Pope John XII proclaimed Otto emperor in 962 C.E. Emperors and popes argued over their conflicting interests in Italy and over the appointment of church officials. There were regional monarchies in France and England. When the last of Carolingians died, the lords of France elected a minor noble named Hugh Capet to serve as king. Capet held only a small territory around Paris. The English monarchy had a different development. The founders were Normans, which wereShow MoreRelatedRoman Expansion And Development Of The Roman Empire852 Words   |  4 PagesBorn around the want for Roman expansion and development, the military in Rome was created, first as a citizen-based power with close to no funding from the government or any cultural influence, and soon evolved into one of the major portions of life in Rome as well as changing into a well-trained and completely funded force; the change also brought a shift in cultural interests and a rise in military p opularity with an introduction of funding, not only from the government, but also through the aristocraticRead MoreThe Expansion of the Roman Empire Essay1427 Words   |  6 Pagessignificant role in the expansion of the Roman Empire. The war, which ended in 410 B.C., set in motion an entirely different Roman army. No longer was the army a volunteer militia, instead it became a paying and contractual organization. The â€Å"Roman victory brought an end to Rome’s most threatening neighbor and began its rise to prominence in the central Italian peninsula† (www.warandgameinfo.com). Another sizeable contributing factor to the expansion of the Roman Empire was the sacking of Rome byRead MoreJulius Caesar : The Great Expansionist1681 Words   |  7 Pages he obviously enlarged the Roman Empire through a series of conquests during his reign. However, were those conquests for defensive or offensive reasons? That is the question we must ask when examining the foreign policy of the first Roman Emperor, Imperator Caesar Divi Filius Augustus, or simply Augustus. As the founder of the Roman Empire, ruling from 27 B.C.-14 A.D., Augustus inherited a dying Republic that had previously embarked upon its own missions of expansion and conquest. By the time ofRead MoreFall of Rome DBQ Essay815 Words   |  4 Pages The Fall of Rome The great Roman Empire expanded across all of Europe and into the Middle East. Its military was one of the finest. With major trading in Africa and Britain, the economy flourished with brining many citizens a healthy income. With amazing advancements in culture and technology, Roman society was at its finest. During the Pax Romana, the Romans had 200 years of peace and good ruling by level headed dictators and emperors. Despite Rome’s greatness in allRead MoreThe Failure of Rome’s Economy and the Fall of the Roman Empire995 Words   |  4 Pageseconomy contributed majorly to the fall of Rome. The Roman Economy during the late Republic and Early Empire was based heavily on Agriculture and Commerce. Agriculture in ancient Rome was not only a necessity, but was idealized among the social elite as a way of life. Cicero had considered agriculture to be the best of all Roman Occupations (Sarudy). There had been a lot of trading between the provinces of the empire, and all r egions of the empire were largely economically interdependent. Egypt wasRead MoreCompare And Contrast Rome And Han Empire1342 Words   |  6 Pagesthe Han Dynasty were successful in their expansion throughout their respected parts of the world. Although both ran a very similar government, both successful civilizations did so using different methods. The Han would govern using imperial rule in addition to the Analects of Confucianism to run their political ideology. The Han Dynasty would eventually even change the text of the Analects per how they ruled through the original tablets. The Roman Empire would also use their religion of the ImperialRead MoreEssay on The Comparative Strength Of Rome1038 Words   |  5 PagesRome, considered by most the greatest empire of the ancient world, stretched from modern day England to Palestine and was more successful than all previous Empires. Romes government, military, economic and civic structures were all superior to those of their predec essors. The Sumerians were the first people to build civilization and attempt empire in the western world. Like Rome, they had a governmental structure,Read MoreThe Growth of the Roman Empire Essay1470 Words   |  6 PagesThe Growth of the Roman Empire Rome was founded in 754 BCE and began as a small village in central Italy. This small town however managed to become the greatest political power of its age, and eventually happened to acquire the entire known world through alliancesRead MoreRise of the Roman Republic Essay953 Words   |  4 PagesRISE OF THE ROMAN REPUBLIC Rome became a powerful empire engulfing much of Europe, North Africa, and parts of Asia and what seemed like this great entity called the Romans were always in the search of more territory and land to conquer and assimilate into their ever growing vast empire. However, this was not always the case, before Rome became one of the greatest empires in all of history, Rome was a republic. They were government consisted of a Senate who muchRead MoreRoman Empire: Emperor Caesar Augustus 660 Words   |  3 Pagespbs.org/empires/romans/empire/augustus.html) Octavian Augustus is one of the fiercest leaders in the history of the Roman Empire because of his successful military expansion, his Control of Finance, and his political leadership. Caesar Octavian Augustus helped the Expansion of the Roman Empire on the frontiers/ Conquest of Egypt. Octavian Augustus fought wars both on land and water, and spared many people. The success of his wars led to the successful military expansion of the Roman Empire. By waging

Dualism Provides An Explanation For The Mind - 1100 Words

Dualism provides an explanation for the relationship to the mind in several ways. The relationship between the two is a compelling argument that several philosophers make. Although the body is a psychical existence the mind is utterly non-psychical. The body and mind are innately different beings and we cannot perceive mind-body dualism with our senses. Humans are aware that individuals hold psychical and mental entities traced back to psychical sciences including size and color. Additionally, we hold mental entities including consciousness, beliefs, or experiences that we cannot trace back to science and ultimately have no explanation for. Initially, psychical properties are perceived by other individuals with our senses. Our psychical entities are known, everyone can identify them with their eyes. A few properties like say, an electron in our body are not recognized with our eyes. As for mental entities only the person feeling the mental state can perceive it. For example, a perso n may state they are in pain physically and I may perceive the pain by the behavior they are exhibiting, but only the person experiencing the suffering will feel it directly. All in all, mental states are distinctly physical states because we live in an empirical world. Ultimately, all beings are perceiving the same world separately and in a different way. Dualism states that the mental and physical experiences are actual but they cannot be related. Moreover, it is difficult to grasp andShow MoreRelatedDualism1476 Words   |  6 PagesQuestion: In dualism about the mind and body a more plausible view than the view that we are purely physical beings? Give reason for your answer. Dualism is the view that you consist of a body plus a soul, physicalism is the view that your mental life consists of physical processes in your brain. I hold the position that Physicalism is more plausible than dualism, my argument will be to look at Nagels opinions of both the philosophies and then draw my own conclusion about which is more plausibleRead MoreIs Dualism Best? The Nature Of Consciousness? Essay1070 Words   |  5 PagesStudent ID Number: 00180694 November 2rd, 2016 Philosophy 101: Introduction to Philosophy Professor Bayne Dualism Best Explains the Nature of Consciousness The three theories we have discussed so far are the dualism theory of Plato and Descartes, the Aristotelian theory, and the Physicalism (identity) theory of Place and Strong. The identity of consciousness means that if you have the same consciousness, you are the same person, and if not conscience, you are not the same person. The thing thatRead MoreRene Descartes Concept Of Dualism And Then Defend My Preferred Alternative Among The Options Paul M. Churchland1513 Words   |  7 Pagesprincipal merits and challenges of Renà © Descartes’ concept of dualism and then defend my preferred alternative among the options Paul M. Churchland discusses. After briefly defining Cartesian Dualism, I will show that its principal merits are that it is consistent with common sense and that it is able to explain phenomena that appear mental in nature. Next, I will show that its principal challenges are its failure to adequately explain how the mind and the body can causally interact, and its failure toRead MoreRenà © Descartes and Thomas Hobbes Essay1497 Words   |  6 Pagesof Cartesian Dualism. In contrast, the English philosopher Thomas Hobbes argued against dualism in favor of materialism. Recently, Cartesian Dualism, and dualism in general has fallen out of favor as materialism arose as a more plausible and explanatory theory regarding the interrelationships between body and mind. The translation Descartes’ writing in the Meditations is far more cryptic than Hobbes’ writing in the Leviathan. Making it far easier to see Hobbes’ claims. Hobbes provides a reasonableRead More How The Brain Works Essay1307 Words   |  6 Pagesthat sweep through the entire brain (Blakeslee, 1995a). These findings are a serious implication to Dualism because it states the mind is not physical. If the mind is not physical, it cannot affect the physical body, so the Dualist theory of two-sided interactions between the body and mind are false. The aforementioned arg ument is supported by many other scientific facts and objections against Dualism. For example, phantom pain is a well-known phenomenon in medicine. When people lose a limb, theyRead MoreThe Brain Identity Theory, Logical Behaviorism, And Dualism Essay989 Words   |  4 PagesHave you ever stop to think if your thoughts, beliefs, and desires can be described as something physical? The mind-body problem focuses on identifying the relation between the physical and the mental. Physical objects include our body, brain, and much more such as our neurons and the chemicals in our body. When we mention a physical object we can describe it by having properties of texture, shape, color, and size. The mental objects are said to be our beliefs, desires, and emotions. But can theseRead MoreIntentionality And Consciousness And The Characteristics Of The Mental1441 Words   |  6 Pagesmental thoughts? Putting characteristics together to describe â€Å"The Mental† is something that Graham has done in order to try and explain the ongoing phenomenon of the Mind-Body pro blem. Philosophers and writers, including Graham, have developed, and held onto the ideas that Intentionality and Consciousness are directly related to the Mind-Body problem. They use these two factors to come up with true reasoning as to why we think and react the way that we do and what drives us to act as conscious humansRead MoreThe Mind Body Identity Theory1668 Words   |  7 Pagesnature of a human person; this has lead to various theories and speculation about the nature of the human mind and body. The question they are tying to answer is whether a human being is made of only the physical, body and brain, or both the physical or the mental, mind. In this paper I will focus on the mind-body Identity Theory to illustrate that it provides a suitable explanation for the mind and body interaction. Identity Theory Identity theorists hold the view that the mental events are nothingRead MoreWhat are the strengths and weaknesses of dualism and monism?1569 Words   |  7 PagesDualism and monism is a famous philosophy topic from ancient to now. The word Dualism means that our physical and our mental are independent. And our body and our mind cannot be the same. It is because of mind and body is two separate substances. In the contract, the monism means that both of the physical and mental are combined being one. And our mind and body are indivisible and are each influenced by the other. The monism and dualism individually has its strengths and weaknesses. The mindRead MoreThe Mind / Brain Identity Theory1718 Words   |  7 Pagesexperiences. The former is associated with one having a (non-physical) mind, which contains beliefs, desires, feelings and so on, while the latter involves having a (physical) brain. The Mind/Body problem questions whether the mind and brain are the same or different objects. For a long time, the interpretation of these experiences has been much debated by philosophers and scientists. One influential interpretation is Descartes’s Dualism of substances, which became one of the most lasting legacies in his

When Kids Get Life Free Essays

In the Frontline video â€Å"When Kids Get Life† we were introduced to 5 cases in the state of Colorado where teenage boys had been sentenced to life imprisonment without parole. After watching the video I found myself struggling to have an objective opinion on the issue presented, mostly because of personal experiences being a victim of childhood abuse and also having a family member (my brother) murdered. I felt the video to be very one sided but I do find myself agreeing with the point the producers were trying to make. We will write a custom essay sample on When Kids Get Life or any similar topic only for you Order Now I feel that teenagers should have more opportunities at rehabilitation from crimes committed before the age of 21 then those criminals that are convicted after the age of 21. I also feel strongly that when it comes to teenagers and violent crimes that great emphasis needs to be placed on the motive for the crime, for example if there was long term abuse or neglect as well as any substance abuse involved, and what kind of support if any the child has ever had in their lives.In my opinion the age at which a person should be given life imprisonment is 21. I developed this opinion for three reasons. The first being my personal experience, there were two men involved in my brother’s murder one man was 26 at the time and the other was just barely 18, neither man was sentenced to any long term prison time but of the two the 18 year old has shown greater signs of rehabilitation.I have also had a lot of exposure to the darker side of society and I have seen more improvement come from the younger ‘criminals’ then I have from the older ones. My second reason is the overwhelming amount of scientific evidence regarding brain development and mental processes. According to the Time magazine article ‘What Makes Teens Tick’ Dr. Jay Giedd states that â€Å"The very last part of the brain to be pruned or shaped to its adult dimensions is the prefrontal cortex, home of the executive functions. This area of the brain is the part that allows adults to weigh the consequences of their actions.A teenager may understand the principles of right and wrong but lack the ability to realize the ramifications of any wrong they might do. In another article by Lee Bowman of the Scripps Howard News Service Deborah Yurgelun-Todd of Harvard Medical School and McClean Hospital says that â€Å"[When] shown a set of people’s faces contorted in fear, adults named the right emotion, but teens seldom did, often saying the person was angry. Yurgelun-Todd and her team performed this test using the fMRI and discovered an amazing difference in the parts of the brain being used. The adults used both the prefrontal cortex and the amygdala to process what they saw and younger teens relied entirely on the amygdala while older teens (oldest being 17) showed a progressive shift toward using the frontal cortex My third reason is the hormone factor according to an article published by the American Bar Association.One of the hormones which has the most dramatic effect on the body in adolescence is testosterone. Testosterone is closely associated with aggression; it increases tenfold in adolescent boy. Considering all of this information I feel that 21 would be a better age to consider legal culpability of a person. I do not feel that teenage offenders of violent crime should go unpunished but life in prison seems to be an excessive punishment for a teenager incapable of comprehending the consequences of his actions.My last issue to address is the circumstances by which an offender should receive life imprisonment. I feel that when it comes to cases of long term abuse of any kind when a teenager is feeling pushed into a corner and the only way out is to ‘kill or be killed’ there will undoubtedly be a negative outcome. There is a long list of possible effects and none of them are positive anything from drug and alcohol abuse, to self harm, to suicide, to homicide. One researcher Phyllis L. Crocker of Cleveland-Marshall College of Law wrote that â€Å"the nexus between poverty, childhood abuse and neglect, social and emotional dysfunction, alcohol, and drug abuse and crime is so tight in the lives of many capital defendants as to form a kind of social historical profile†. According to Dr. Chris Mallett, Public Policy Director at Bellefaire Jewish Children’s Bureau in Ohio more that 30% of death row juvenile offenders had experienced six or more distinct areas of childhood trauma with an overall average of four such experiences per offender.Mallett also found that such mitigating evidence was presented to juries in fewer than half of the offenders’ trials . That fact I find astonishing I feel passionately that the motivation behind a teenager’s violent act should play a very hefty role in the prosecution of any said act. The cases highlighted in the video ‘When Kids Get Life† were very disturbing to me because several of the cases involved long term sexual and psychological abuse and it appeared that no one took that into consideration at the time of trial.In conclusion I feel that no violent crime should be excused however life imprisonment should be reserved for those over the age of 21, or for the truly psychotic individuals out there in society. Any teenager that is convicted of a violent crime should be given prison time but then after a determined amount of time re-evaluate the person psychologically and determine level of rehabilitation. I believe that people (even criminals) can change in both directions good and bad, and teenagers have an even greater capacity to change for the better if guided in the right direction. How to cite When Kids Get Life, Papers